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un and global governance lecture 12

Tags: UN and Global Governance

Joseph Galtun

  • IMF and World Bank - unholy trinity

mali

  • coup
  • UN mandate is unrelated to the mali coup
  • sequencing in what peacekeeping should be doing and asking who is dirivng the peacebuilding process?
  • more targeted and specific interventions
  • gap between level of intervention (scale) and what it attempts to do
    • what the end state should look like

lecture

  • vast majority of states reconstructed has been democratic state
  • seems to be an end-state in what peacebuilding looks like
  • supporting role of the UN government makes it easier on UN to shirk their responsbilities
  • shifting conflict prevention
    • moving from patching emergencies to preventing conflict from happening

readings

  1. political barriers of conflict prevention

    • RC system
      • is this conservative?
      • runs into challenges for political reasons
      • hard to sell, people are not interested in conflicts that may or may not emerge
      • intra-state conflict has greatly surged
        • internationalized interstate conflict

  2. aspects of prevention

    • conflict prevention is more localized
    • seeking to address capacity issues
    • Cliffe: UN Peace and Security Reform praises the reorganization
    • managing short term priorities while also mitigating the long term risks
      • lack of respect for human rights
    • important of coalition, prevention must be a collective effort

  3. concepts:

    • prevenative diplomacy
      • narrow focus, clear trigger, works by shifting decision-making calculations of conflict actors away from violence
      • move actors away from the local and try to get a comprimise
    • structural violence prevention
      • what are the structural conditions that contribute to the onset of conflict?
      • how do we transform these structures?
      • largely solidified

  4. evolution

    • Dag Hammarskjold
    • Perez de Cuellar
    • Bourtros Boutros-Ghali
    • Kofi Annan
    • Ban Ki-Moon - restructuring
    • Antonio Guterres - prevention became THE priority

      • prevention ops is much larger, almost the size of peace operations

  • when do host governments spoil peace?
  • should allocations go to near term emergencies?
  • been a demand for mediation experts
    • is this workable? can mediators be dispatched anywhere?
  • bureaucratic misalignments in structural prevention
  • reform plan from Gueterres
    • still assessing whether the decoupling has a good impact
    • prevenative diplomacy has shrunk, this has been regrowing

questions

  • causing of funding with engagements from local actors
    • strategic frameworks is done every two years, across the board entites that recieve regular budget (aka from member state dues)
      • specific member states are very interested in funding initiatives such as gender or sexual based violence
      • existing multi-donor trust fund
        • goes hand in hand with technical assistance
        • remains to be seen if the member states
  • lots of readings focus on diplomatic solutions
    • is there a role or benefit forceful action?
    • carrot and stick strategy has no consistency
  • how much is funding involved in prevention plans? how much can be expected of the UN in conflict prevention?
    • existing trust fund
    • started to shift certain departments
    • emphasis on power sharing agreements
      • what are they modeled on?
      • liklihood of breakdown
      • nonconsolidation of democracy
  • “sustaining” is the operative word
  • dealing with the binary of peace/non-peace
    • moving to hybrid notions of how to co-opt
    • social cohesion to build “resilence”, but only one layer
    • very troublesome, still powerbase driven, lack of curiosity
    • disapora - less so with the UN, focused on a statist approach
      • more promentiant on smaller NGO’s
      • the UN is focused on spoilers to the peace process, not specifically power players
  • what is the role f

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