un and global governance lecture 13 [01a50f62]

background and history of sexual violence

• how it became popular

issues with papers and methodology

• statistics here implies intercorrelation under casual networks

  • everything is correlated and bet on sparsity principals

paper one pager

• The mechanics of the mission entails several second order effects

  • interactions with local populations

    • sexual exploitation and abuse (SEA) - Karim & Beardsly

      • Finds that reductions of SEA require "cultivation of value for gender equality among all peacekeepers"

    • peacekeeper babies - Simić and O'Brien

      • First became a concern in Liberia and East Timor
      • Zero tolerance policy remains muddly and makes little distinction between exploitative and consensual relationships.

  • host government

    • taxation and pay

      • Host governments are often in a weak position, and UN tax exemptions "undermines the building of a viable local revenue authority"
      • Because the UN often pays more than civil service positions, a "brain drain" may occur from civil servant roles towards UN ones

    • question of whether the government exists or not

      • Lack of sweage and sanitation systems can magnify issues the UN brings, such as cholera - Lemay-Hébert

  • these effects have a direct impact on the success of the mission

    • technocratic fixes tend to ignore interactions with the local populace
    • engagements with the host government are shallow and often act as the UN is not on the ground
    • these effects are not necessarily "unintented", but rather delayed and not considered at the start of the mission

Second order effects abound:

• Sexual exploitation and abuse of local populations by peacekeepers began to be addressed in 2002

political economy lens

• understands how the impact of interventions in the systems in the markets

modern conflicts are driven by greed

• greed vs grievance (jake sherman - greed and greivance)

• paul collier - greed explains better than grievance, economic models predict better than political ones

  • binary does not necessarily exist
  • granularity of nation level does not actually tell us very much

give war a chance - luttwak

• elite bargins project