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undersea fiber [97979793]

-submarine cable map

balancing act
- budget
- physical constraints
  - ocean beds are often weird
- usage growth estimates
  - up to next decade
- repeater placement
  - extremely expensive
- sharks
  - www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/sharks-are-eating-the-internet-in-vietnam-9962747.html

1. iraq internet fiber [31e0254c]

pinboard.in/cached/7fdc6a769248/
fiber backhaul is owned by Baghdad and KRG politicans
very little room for new companies
most backhauls are via the sea to EU and US servers
shortest path to europe is from Iraq-Turkey pipe, but owned by en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_Bridge_International

rolling fiber is very hard politically
wireless very expensive
point microwave towers to turkey were suggested, which then lead to fiber

1.1. iraqi internet history [e79a464c]

freelancersconflictblog.wordpress.com/2020/09/16/disconnected-the-iraqi-wifi-war/
- www.sotaliraq.com/2020/07/26/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B9-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%84-%D8%B6%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%8A-%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B7-%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%88%D9%89-%D8%A8%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84-%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A8-%D8%A8/

2. On private fiber

news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25025508 news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25020431[[id:2AAEFE6A-3D1C-4EA0-8E33-AC48101A105B][state machines]]